Thai character tables

This document lists the per-character shaping information needed to shape Thai text.

Contents

• Thai character table

• Miscellaneous character table

Thai character table

Thai glyphs should be classified as in the following table. Codepoints in the Thai block with no assigned meaning are designated as unassigned in the Unicode category column.

Assigned codepoints with a null in the Shaping class column evoke no special behavior from the shaping engine. Note that this does include some valid codepoints, such as currency marks, punctuation, and other symbols.

Note: the NUMBER and SYMBOL Shaping classes are important during syllable identification, but generally evoke no further special behavior during the rest of the shaping process.

The Mark-placement subclass column indicates mark-placement positioning for codepoints in the Mark category. Assigned, non-mark codepoints have a null in this column and evoke no special mark-placement behavior. Marks tagged with [Mn] in the Unicode category column are categorized as non-spacing; marks tagged with [Mc] are categorized as spacing-combining.

Some codepoints in the following table use a Shaping class that differs from the codepoint’s Unicode General Category. The Shaping class takes precedence during OpenType shaping, as it captures more specific, script-aware behavior.

Table 81 Thai character table

Codepoint	Unicode category	Shaping class	Mark-placement subclass	Combining class	PUA	Glyph
U+0E00	unassigned
U+0E01	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ก Ko Kai
U+0E02	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ข Kho Khai
U+0E03	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ฃ Kho Khuat
U+0E04	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ค Kho Khwai
U+0E05	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ฅ Kho Khon
U+0E06	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ฆ Kho Rakhang
U+0E07	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ง Ngo Ngu
U+0E08	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	จ Cho Chan
U+0E09	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ฉ Cho Ching
U+0E0A	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ช Cho Chang
U+0E0B	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ซ So So
U+0E0C	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ฌ Cho Choe
U+0E0D	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	RC	ญ Yo Ying
U+0E0E	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	DC	ฎ Do Chada
U+0E0F	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	DC	ฏ To Patak
U+0E10	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	RC	ฐ Tho Than
U+0E11	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ฑ Tho Nangmontho
U+0E12	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ฒ Tho Phuthao
U+0E13	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ณ No Nen
U+0E14	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ด Do Dek
U+0E15	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ต To Tao
U+0E16	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ถ Tho Thung
U+0E17	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ท Tho Thahan
U+0E18	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ธ Tho Thong
U+0E19	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	น No Nu
U+0E1A	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	บ Bo Baimai
U+0E1B	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	AC	ป Po Pla
U+0E1C	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ผ Pho Phung
U+0E1D	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	AC	ฝ Fo Fa
U+0E1E	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	พ Pho Phan
U+0E1F	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	AC	ฟ Fo Fan
U+0E20	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ภ Pho Samphao
U+0E21	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ม Mo Ma
U+0E22	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ย Yo Yak
U+0E23	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ร Ro Rua
U+0E24	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ฤ Ru
U+0E25	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ล Lo Ling
U+0E26	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ฦ Lu
U+0E27	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ว Wo Waen
U+0E28	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ศ So Sala
U+0E29	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ษ So Rusi
U+0E2A	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ส So Sua
U+0E2B	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ห Ho Hip
U+0E2C	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ฬ Lo Chula
U+0E2D	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	อ O Ang
U+0E2E	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	NC	ฮ Ho Nokhuk
U+0E2F	Letter	CONSONANT	null	0	null	ฯ Paiyannoi
U+0E30	Letter	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	RIGHT_POSITION	0	CV	ะ Sara A
U+0E31	Mark [Mn]	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	TOP_POSITION	0	AV	ั Mai Han-akat
U+0E32	Letter	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	RIGHT_POSITION	0	CV	า Sara Aa
U+0E33	Letter	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	RIGHT_POSITION	0	null	ำ Sara Am
U+0E34	Mark [Mn]	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	TOP_POSITION	0	AV	ิ Sara I
U+0E35	Mark [Mn]	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	TOP_POSITION	0	AV	ี Sara Ii
U+0E36	Mark [Mn]	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	TOP_POSITION	0	AV	ึ Sara Ue
U+0E37	Mark [Mn]	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	TOP_POSITION	0	AV	ื Sara Uee
U+0E38	Mark [Mn]	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	BOTTOM_POSITION	3	BV	ุ Sara U
U+0E39	Mark [Mn]	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	BOTTOM_POSITION	3	BV	ู Sara Uu
U+0E3A	Mark [Mn]	PURE_KILLER	BOTTOM_POSITION	9	BV	ฺ Phinthu
U+0E3B	unassigned
U+0E3C	unassigned
U+0E3D	unassigned
U+0E3E	unassigned
U+0E3F	Symbol	SYMBOL	null	0	null	฿ Currency symbol Baht
U+0E40	Letter	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	VISUAL_ORDER_LEFT	0	CV	เ Sara E
U+0E41	Letter	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	VISUAL_ORDER_LEFT	0	CV	แ Sara Ae
U+0E42	Letter	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	VISUAL_ORDER_LEFT	0	CV	โ Sara O
U+0E43	Letter	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	VISUAL_ORDER_LEFT	0	CV	ใ Sara Ai Maimuan
U+0E44	Letter	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	VISUAL_ORDER_LEFT	0	CV	ไ Sara Ai Maimalai
U+0E45	Letter	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	RIGHT_POSITION	0	CV	ๅ Lakkhangyao
U+0E46	Letter Modifier	null	null	0	null	ๆ Maiyamok
U+0E47	Mark [Mn]	VOWEL_DEPENDENT	TOP_POSITION	0	AV	็ Maitaikhu
U+0E48	Mark [Mn]	TONE_MARKER	TOP_POSITION	107	TV	่ Mai Ek
U+0E49	Mark [Mn]	TONE_MARKER	TOP_POSITION	107	TV	้ Mai Tho
U+0E4A	Mark [Mn]	TONE_MARKER	TOP_POSITION	107	TV	๊ Mai Tri
U+0E4B	Mark [Mn]	TONE_MARKER	TOP_POSITION	107	TV	๋ Mai Chattawa
U+0E4C	Mark [Mn]	CONSONANT_KILLER	TOP_POSITION	0	TV	์ Thanthakhat
U+0E4D	Mark [Mn]	BINDU	TOP_POSITION	0	AV	ํ Nikhahit
U+0E4E	Mark [Mn]	PURE_KILLER	TOP_POSITION	0	AV	๎ Yamakkan
U+0E4F	Punctuation	null	null	0	null	๏ Fongman
U+0E50	Number	NUMBER	null	0	null	๐ Digit zero
U+0E51	Number	NUMBER	null	0	null	๑ Digit one
U+0E52	Number	NUMBER	null	0	null	๒ Digit two
U+0E53	Number	NUMBER	null	0	null	๓ Digit three
U+0E54	Number	NUMBER	null	0	null	๔ Digit four
U+0E55	Number	NUMBER	null	0	null	๕ Digit five
U+0E56	Number	NUMBER	null	0	null	๖ Digit six
U+0E57	Number	NUMBER	null	0	null	๗ Digit seven
U+0E58	Number	NUMBER	null	0	null	๘ Digit eight
U+0E59	Number	NUMBER	null	0	null	๙ Digit nine
U+0E5A	Punctuation	null	null	0	null	๚ Angkhankhu
U+0E5B	Punctuation	null	null	0	null	๛ Khomut
U+0E5C	unassigned
U+0E5D	unassigned
U+0E5E	unassigned
U+0E5F	unassigned
U+0E60	unassigned
U+0E61	unassigned
U+0E62	unassigned
U+0E63	unassigned
U+0E64	unassigned
U+0E65	unassigned
U+0E66	unassigned
U+0E67	unassigned
U+0E68	unassigned
U+0E69	unassigned
U+0E6A	unassigned
U+0E6B	unassigned
U+0E6C	unassigned
U+0E6D	unassigned
U+0E6E	unassigned
U+0E6F	unassigned
U+0E70	unassigned
U+0E71	unassigned
U+0E72	unassigned
U+0E73	unassigned
U+0E74	unassigned
U+0E75	unassigned
U+0E76	unassigned
U+0E77	unassigned
U+0E78	unassigned
U+0E79	unassigned
U+0E7A	unassigned
U+0E7B	unassigned
U+0E7C	unassigned
U+0E7D	unassigned
U+0E7E	unassigned
U+0E7F	unassigned

Miscellaneous character table

In addition to general punctuation, runs of Thai text often use the combining macron below (U+0331 ), combining tilde (U+0303), modifier letter apostrophe (U+02BC), and modifier letter minus sign (U+02D7), from the Combining Diacritical Marks block, particularly when used to write minority languages.

In addition, Thai text typically does not insert spaces between words. Consequently, the Zero-Width Space (U+200B) character is often used to insert invisible break points that may be converted to line breaks.

Table 82 Additional punctuation character table

Codepoint	Unicode category	Shaping class	Mark-placement subclass	Glyph
U+02BC	Mark [Mn]	TONE_MARKER	TOP_POSITION	ʼ Modifier apostrophe
U+02D7	Mark [Mn]	TONE_MARKER	BOTTOM_POSITION	˗ Modifier minus sign
U+0303	Mark [Mn]	TONE_MARKER	TOP_POSITION	̃ Combining tilde
U+0331	Mark [Mn]	TONE_MARKER	TOP_POSITION	̱ Combining macron below
U+200B	Separator	PLACEHOLDER	null	​ Zero-width space

Other important characters that may be encountered when shaping runs of Thai text include the dotted-circle placeholder (U+25CC), the zero-width joiner (U+200D) and zero-width non-joiner (U+200C), and the no-break space (U+00A0).

The dotted-circle placeholder is frequently used when displaying a dependent vowel or a combining mark in isolation. Real-world text syllables may also use other characters, such as hyphens or dashes, in a similar placeholder fashion; shaping engines should cope with this situation gracefully.

Table 83 Miscellaneous character table

Codepoint	Unicode category	Shaping class	Mark-placement subclass	Glyph
U+00A0	Separator	PLACEHOLDER	null	No-break space
U+200C	Other	NON_JOINER	null	‌ Zero-width non-joiner
U+200D	Other	JOINER	null	‍ Zero-width joiner
U+2010	Punctuation	PLACEHOLDER	null	‐ Hyphen
U+2011	Punctuation	PLACEHOLDER	null	‑ No-break hyphen
U+2012	Punctuation	PLACEHOLDER	null	‒ Figure dash
U+2013	Punctuation	PLACEHOLDER	null	– En dash
U+2014	Punctuation	PLACEHOLDER	null	— Em dash
U+25CC	Symbol	DOTTED_CIRCLE	null	◌ Dotted circle