# Oriya character tables #
This document lists the per-character shaping information needed to
[shape Oriya text](../opentype-shaping-oriya.md).
**Contents**
- [Oriya character table](#oriya-character-table)
- [Vedic Extensions character table](#vedic-extensions-character-table)
- [Miscellaneous character table](#miscellaneous-character-table)
## Oriya character table ##
Oriya glyphs should be classified as in the following
table. Codepoints in the Oriya block with no assigned meaning are
designated as _unassigned_ in the _Unicode category_ column.
Assigned codepoints with a _null_ in the _Shaping class_
column evoke no special behavior from the shaping engine. Note that
this does include some valid codepoints, such as currency marks,
punctuation, and other symbols.
> Note: the `NUMBER` and `SYMBOL` _Shaping classes_ are important
> during syllable identification, but generally evoke no further
> special behavior during the rest of the shaping process.
The _Mark-placement subclass_ column indicates mark-placement
positioning for codepoints in the _Mark_ category. Assigned, non-mark
codepoints have a _null_ in this column and evoke no special
mark-placement behavior. Marks tagged with [Mn] in the _Unicode
category_ column are categorized as non-spacing; marks tagged with
[Mc] are categorized as spacing-combining.
Some codepoints in the following table use a _Shaping class_ that
differs from the codepoint's Unicode _General Category_. The _Shaping
class_ takes precedence during OpenType shaping, as it captures more
specific, script-aware behavior.
:::{table} Oriya character table
| Codepoint | Unicode category | Shaping class | Mark-placement subclass | Glyph |
|:----------|:-----------------|:------------------|:---------------------------|:-----------------------------|
|`U+0B00` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B01` | Mark [Mn] | BINDU | TOP_POSITION | ଁ Candrabindu |
|`U+0B02` | Mark [Mc] | BINDU | RIGHT_POSITION | ଂ Anusvara |
|`U+0B03` | Mark [Mc] | VISARGA | RIGHT_POSITION | ଃ Visarga |
|`U+0B04` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B05` | Letter | VOWEL_INDEPENDENT | _null_ | ଅ A |
|`U+0B06` | Letter | VOWEL_INDEPENDENT | _null_ | ଆ Aa |
|`U+0B07` | Letter | VOWEL_INDEPENDENT | _null_ | ଇ I |
|`U+0B08` | Letter | VOWEL_INDEPENDENT | _null_ | ଈ Ii |
|`U+0B09` | Letter | VOWEL_INDEPENDENT | _null_ | ଉ U |
|`U+0B0A` | Letter | VOWEL_INDEPENDENT | _null_ | ଊ Uu |
|`U+0B0B` | Letter | VOWEL_INDEPENDENT | _null_ | ଋ Vocalic R |
|`U+0B0C` | Letter | VOWEL_INDEPENDENT | _null_ | ଌ Vocalic L |
|`U+0B0D` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B0E` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B0F` | Letter | VOWEL_INDEPENDENT | _null_ | ଏ E |
| | | | |
|`U+0B10` | Letter | VOWEL_INDEPENDENT | _null_ | ଐ Ai |
|`U+0B11` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B12` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B13` | Letter | VOWEL_INDEPENDENT | _null_ | ଓ O |
|`U+0B14` | Letter | VOWEL_INDEPENDENT | _null_ | ଔ Au |
|`U+0B15` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | କ Ka |
|`U+0B16` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଖ Kha |
|`U+0B17` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଗ Ga |
|`U+0B18` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଘ Gha |
|`U+0B19` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଙ Nga |
|`U+0B1A` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଚ Ca |
|`U+0B1B` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଛ Cha |
|`U+0B1C` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଜ Ja |
|`U+0B1D` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଝ Jha |
|`U+0B1E` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଞ Nya |
|`U+0B1F` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଟ Tta |
| | | | |
|`U+0B20` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଠ Ttha |
|`U+0B21` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଡ Dda |
|`U+0B22` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଢ Ddha |
|`U+0B23` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଣ Nna |
|`U+0B24` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ତ Ta |
|`U+0B25` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଥ Tha |
|`U+0B26` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଦ Da |
|`U+0B27` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଧ Dha |
|`U+0B28` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ନ Na |
|`U+0B29` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B2A` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ପ Pa |
|`U+0B2B` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଫ Pha |
|`U+0B2C` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ବ Ba |
|`U+0B2D` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଭ Bha |
|`U+0B2E` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ମ Ma |
|`U+0B2F` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଯ Ya |
| | | | |
|`U+0B30` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ର Ra |
|`U+0B31` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B32` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଲ La |
|`U+0B33` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଳ Lla |
|`U+0B34` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B35` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଵ Va |
|`U+0B36` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଶ Sha |
|`U+0B37` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଷ Ssa |
|`U+0B38` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ସ Sa |
|`U+0B39` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ହ Ha |
|`U+0B3A` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B3B` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B3C` | Mark [Mn] | NUKTA | BOTTOM_POSITION | ଼ Nukta |
|`U+0B3D` | Letter | AVAGRAHA | _null_ | ଽ Avagraha |
|`U+0B3E` | Mark [Mc] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | RIGHT_POSITION | ା Sign Aa |
|`U+0B3F` | Mark [Mc] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | TOP_POSITION | ି Sign I |
| | | | |
|`U+0B40` | Mark [Mc] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | RIGHT_POSITION | ୀ Sign Ii |
|`U+0B41` | Mark [Mn] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | BOTTOM_POSITION | ୁ Sign U |
|`U+0B42` | Mark [Mn] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | BOTTOM_POSITION | ୂ Sign Uu |
|`U+0B43` | Mark [Mn] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | BOTTOM_POSITION | ୃ Sign Vocalic R |
|`U+0B44` | Mark [Mn] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | BOTTOM_POSITION | ୄ Sign Vocalic Rr |
|`U+0B45` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B46` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B47` | Mark [Mc] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | LEFT_POSITION | େ Sign E |
|`U+0B48` | Mark [Mc] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | TOP_AND_LEFT_POSITION | ୈ Sign Ai |
|`U+0B49` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B4A` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B4B` | Mark [Mc] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | LEFT_AND_RIGHT_POSITION | ୋ Sign O |
|`U+0B4C` | Mark [Mc] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | TOP_LEFT_AND_RIGHT_POSITION| ୌ Sign Au |
|`U+0B4D` | Mark [Mn] | VIRAMA | BOTTOM_POSITION | ୍ Virama |
|`U+0B4E` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B4F` | _unassigned_ | | | |
| | | | |
|`U+0B50` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B51` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B52` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B53` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B54` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B55` | Mark [Mn] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | TOP_POSITION | ୕ Sign Overline |
|`U+0B56` | Mark [Mn] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | TOP_POSITION | ୖ Ai Length Mark |
|`U+0B57` | Mark [Mc] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | TOP_AND_RIGHT_POSITION | ୗ Au Length Mark |
|`U+0B58` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B59` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B5A` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B5B` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B5C` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଡ଼ Rra |
|`U+0B5D` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ଢ଼ Rha |
|`U+0B5E` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B5F` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ୟ Yya |
| | | | |
|`U+0B60` | Letter | VOWEL_INDEPENDENT | _null_ | ୠ Vocalic Rr |
|`U+0B61` | Letter | VOWEL_INDEPENDENT | _null_ | ୡ Vocalic Ll |
|`U+0B62` | Mark [Mn] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | BOTTOM_POSITION | ୢ Sign Vocalic L |
|`U+0B63` | Mark [Mn] | VOWEL_DEPENDENT | BOTTOM_POSITION | ୣ Sign Vocalic Ll |
|`U+0B64` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B65` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B66` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୦ Digit Zero |
|`U+0B67` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୧ Digit One |
|`U+0B68` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୨ Digit Two |
|`U+0B69` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୩ Digit Three |
|`U+0B6A` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୪ Digit Four |
|`U+0B6B` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୫ Digit Five |
|`U+0B6C` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୬ Digit Six |
|`U+0B6D` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୭ Digit Seven |
|`U+0B6E` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୮ Digit Eight |
|`U+0B6F` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୯ Digit Nine |
| | | | |
|`U+0B70` | Symbol | SYMBOL | _null_ | ୰ Isshar |
|`U+0B71` | Letter | CONSONANT | _null_ | ୱ Wa |
|`U+0B72` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୲ Fraction 1/4 |
|`U+0B73` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୳ Fraction 1/2 |
|`U+0B74` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୴ Fraction 3/4 |
|`U+0B75` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୵ Fraction 1/16 |
|`U+0B76` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୶ Fraction 1/8 |
|`U+0B77` | Number | NUMBER | _null_ | ୷ Fraction 3/16 |
|`U+0B78` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B79` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B7A` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B7B` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B7C` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B7D` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B7E` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+0B7F` | _unassigned_ | | | |
:::
## Vedic Extensions character table ##
Sanskrit runs written in the Oriya script may also include
characters from the Vedic Extensions block. These characters should be
classified as follows.
> Note: See the [Vedic Extensions](../opentype-shaping-vedic-extensions.md)
> document for additional information.
:::{table} Vedic Extensions character table
| Codepoint | Unicode category | Shaping class | Mark-placement subclass | Glyph |
|:----------|:-----------------|:------------------|:---------------------------|:-----------------------------|
|`U+1CD0` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | TOP_POSITION | ᳐ Tone Karshana |
|`U+1CD1` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | TOP_POSITION | ᳑ Tone Shara |
|`U+1CD2` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | TOP_POSITION | ᳒ Tone Prenkha |
|`U+1CD3` | Punctuation | _null_ | _null_ | ᳓ Sign Nihshvasa |
|`U+1CD4` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | OVERSTRUCK | ᳔ Tone Midline Svarita |
|`U+1CD5` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | BOTTOM_POSITION | ᳕ Tone Aggravated Independent Svarita |
|`U+1CD6` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | BOTTOM_POSITION | ᳖ Tone Independent Svarita |
|`U+1CD7` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | BOTTOM_POSITION | ᳗ Tone Kathaka Independent Svarita |
|`U+1CD8` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | BOTTOM_POSITION | ᳘ Tone Candra Below |
|`U+1CD9` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | BOTTOM_POSITION | ᳙ Tone Kathaka Independent Svarita Schroeder |
|`U+1CDA` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | TOP_POSITION | ᳚ Tone Double Svarita |
|`U+1CDB` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | TOP_POSITION | ᳛ Tone Triple Svarita |
|`U+1CDC` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | BOTTOM_POSITION | ᳜ Tone Kathaka Anudatta |
|`U+1CDD` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | BOTTOM_POSITION | ᳝ Tone Dot Below |
|`U+1CDE` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | BOTTOM_POSITION | ᳞ Tone Two Dots Below |
|`U+1CDF` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | BOTTOM_POSITION | ᳟ Tone Three Dots Below |
| | | | |
|`U+1CE0` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | TOP_POSITION | ᳠ Tone Rigvedic Kashmiri Independent Svarita |
|`U+1CE1` | Mark [Mc] | CANTILLATION | RIGHT_POSITION | ᳡ Tone Atharavedic Independent Svarita |
|`U+1CE2` | Mark [Mn] | AVAGRAHA | OVERSTRUCK | ᳢ Sign Visarga Svarita |
|`U+1CE3` | Mark [Mn] | _null_ | OVERSTRUCK | ᳣ Sign Visarga Udatta |
|`U+1CE4` | Mark [Mn] | _null_ | OVERSTRUCK | ᳤ Sign Reversed Visarga Udatta |
|`U+1CE5` | Mark [Mn] | _null_ | OVERSTRUCK | ᳥ Sign Visarga Anudatta |
|`U+1CE6` | Mark [Mn] | _null_ | OVERSTRUCK | ᳦ Sign Reversed Visarga Anudatta |
|`U+1CE7` | Mark [Mn] | _null_ | OVERSTRUCK | ᳧ Sign Visarga Udatta With Tail |
|`U+1CE8` | Mark [Mn] | AVAGRAHA | OVERSTRUCK | ᳨ Sign Visarga Anudatta With Tail |
|`U+1CE9` | Letter | SYMBOL | _null_ | ᳩ Sign Anusvara Antargomukha |
|`U+1CEA` | Letter | _null_ | _null_ | ᳪ Sign Anusvara Bahirgomukha |
|`U+1CEB` | Letter | _null_ | _null_ | ᳫ Sign Anusvara Vamagomukha |
|`U+1CEC` | Letter | SYMBOL | _null_ | ᳬ Sign Anusvara Vamagomukha With Tail |
|`U+1CED` | Mark [Mn] | AVAGRAHA | BOTTOM_POSITION | ᳭ Sign Tiryak |
|`U+1CEE` | Letter | SYMBOL | _null_ | ᳮ Sign Hexiform Long Anusvara |
|`U+1CEF` | Letter | _null_ | _null_ | ᳯ Sign Long Anusvara |
| | | | |
|`U+1CF0` | Letter | _null_ | _null_ | ᳰ Sign Rthang Long Anusvara |
|`U+1CF2` | Letter | CONSONANT_DEAD | _null_ | ᳲ Sign Ardhavisarga |
|`U+1CF3` | Letter | CONSONANT_DEAD | _null_ | ᳳ Sign Rotated Ardhavisarga |
|`U+1CF3` | Mark [Mc] | VISARGA | _null_ | ᳳ Sign Rotated Ardhavisarga |
|`U+1CF4` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | TOP_POSITION | ᳴ Tone Candra Above |
|`U+1CF5` | Letter | CONSONANT_WITH_STACKER | _null_ | ᳵ Sign Jihvamuliya |
|`U+1CF6` | Letter | CONSONANT_WITH_STACKER | _null_ | ᳶ Sign Upadhmaniya |
|`U+1CF7` | Mark [Mc] | _null_ | _null_ | ᳷ Sign Atikrama |
|`U+1CF8` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | _null_ | ᳸ Tone Ring Above |
|`U+1CF9` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | _null_ | ᳹ Tone Double Ring Above |
|`U+1CFA` | Letter | PLACEHOLDER | _null_ | ᳺ Sign Double Anusvara Antargomukha |
|`U+1CFB` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+1CFC` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+1CFD` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+1CFE` | _unassigned_ | | | |
|`U+1CFF` | _unassigned_ | | | |
:::
## Miscellaneous character table ##
In addition to general punctuation, runs of Oriya text often use the
danda (`U+0964`) and double danda (`U+0965`) punctuation marks from
the Devanagari block. Oriya text can also incorporate the udatta
(`U+0951`) and anudatta (`U+0952`) signs from the Devanagari block.
:::{table} Additional punctuation character table
| Codepoint | Unicode category | Shaping class | Mark-placement subclass | Glyph |
|:----------|:-----------------|:------------------|:---------------------------|:-------------------------------|
|`U+0951` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | TOP_POSITION | ॑ Udatta |
|`U+0952` | Mark [Mn] | CANTILLATION | BOTTOM_POSITION | ॒ Anudatta |
|`U+0964` | Punctuation | _null_ | _null_ | । Danda |
|`U+0965` | Punctuation | _null_ | _null_ | ॥ Double Danda |
:::
Other important characters that may be encountered when shaping runs
of Oriya text include the dotted-circle placeholder (`U+25CC`), the
zero-width joiner (`U+200D`) and zero-width non-joiner (`U+200C`), and
the no-break space (`U+00A0`).
The dotted-circle placeholder is frequently used when displaying a
dependent vowel (matra) or a combining mark in isolation. Real-world
text syllables may also use other characters, such as hyphens or dashes,
in a similar placeholder fashion; shaping engines should cope with
this situation gracefully.
:::{table} Miscellaneous character table
| Codepoint | Unicode category | Shaping class | Mark-placement subclass | Glyph |
|:----------|:-----------------|:------------------|:---------------------------|:-------------------------------|
|`U+00A0` | Separator | PLACEHOLDER | _null_ | No-break space |
|`U+200C` | Other | NON_JOINER | _null_ | Zero-width non-joiner |
|`U+200D` | Other | JOINER | _null_ | Zero-width joiner |
|`U+2010` | Punctuation | PLACEHOLDER | _null_ | ‐ Hyphen |
|`U+2011` | Punctuation | PLACEHOLDER | _null_ | ‑ No-break hyphen |
|`U+2012` | Punctuation | PLACEHOLDER | _null_ | ‒ Figure dash |
|`U+2013` | Punctuation | PLACEHOLDER | _null_ | – En dash |
|`U+2014` | Punctuation | PLACEHOLDER | _null_ | — Em dash |
|`U+25CC` | Symbol | DOTTED_CIRCLE | _null_ | ◌ Dotted circle |
:::
The zero-width joiner (ZWJ) is primarily used to prevent the formation
of a conjunct from a "_Consonant_,Halant,_Consonant_" sequence. The
sequence "_Consonant_,Halant,ZWJ,_Consonant_" blocks the formation of
a conjunct between the two consonants.
Note, however, that the "_Consonant_,Halant" subsequence in the above
example may still trigger a half-forms feature. To prevent the
application of the half-forms feature in addition to preventing the
conjunct, the zero-width non-joiner (ZWNJ) must be used instead. The
sequence "_Consonant_,Halant,ZWNJ,_Consonant_" should produce the
first consonant in its standard form, followed by an explicit
"Halant".
A secondary usage of the zero-width joiner is to prevent the formation of
"Reph". An initial "Ra,Halant,ZWJ" sequence should not produce a "Reph",
where an initial "Ra,Halant" sequence without the zero-width joiner
otherwise would.
The no-break space (NBSP) is primarily used to display those
codepoints that are defined as non-spacing (marks, dependent vowels
(matras), below-base consonant forms, and post-base consonant forms)
in an isolated context, as an alternative to displaying them
superimposed on the dotted-circle placeholder. These sequences will
match "NBSP,ZWJ,Halant,_Consonant_", "NBSP,_mark_", or "NBSP,_matra_".